IRAC Brief and Torts Scenario Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IRAC Brief and Torts Scenario - Coursework Example ly based on the flooding associated with Sandy.† (Butts, 2015) The rule used in deciding the case was from the Executive Order 165 and Order 163 while the insurance policy acted as the agreement document. The plaintiff’s insurance cover excluded the case of losses or damages that were caused indirectly or directly by the floods. It covered only the losses or damages that were caused â€Å"by order of a civil authority as a direct result of a Covered Cause of Loss to property in the immediate area.† (Butts, 2015) Bamundo, Zwal and Schermerhorn main cause of loss was Sandy storm which is a flooding condition. The evacuation was, therefore, not a cause of loss to the plaintiff’s but a precautionary act to avoid further loss. In case, the civil authority acted out of no natural forces to evacuate the plaintiff’s then the case’s verdict would have favored them. The major cause of the loss to the plaintiff is the floods conditions, therefore, the insurance company are not suppose to compensate the plaintiff. The civil authority evacuation order was a precautionary act that whose cause was the flooding condition. The judge’s ruling is right and the facts and arguments that are provided are reasonable and make sense. Personal property is a property that is movable contrary to real estate or real property. In common law it can be referred to as personalty or chattels while in civil law it is called movables or immovable property. It can be classified in the form of tangibles and intangibles, whereby, the tangibles include clothing, furniture and jewelry while intangibles include negotiable instruments and securities (Burke & Snoe, 2008). Real property is a kind of property attached to land directly and includes the land itself (Burke & Snoe, 2008). It includes buildings, other structures, interests and rights. The real property can be categorized as either residential or rental. Intellectual property is a broad group of intangibles that have a company as

Parliamentary System VS Presidential System Essay

Parliamentary System VS Presidential System - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that democratic governments are those that permit the nation's citizens to manage their government either directly or through elected representatives. This is opposed to authoritarian governments that limit or prohibit the direct participation of its citizens. Different types of political systems prevailing in the current world. Broadly speaking, based on the nature of functioning the entire political systems in the world can be classified into tow; democratic systems and totalitarian systems. Communism in China and some of the autocratic Islamic administrations in countries like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE etc are examples of totalitarian administrations. On the other hand, in countries like America, Canada, UK, India etc; democratic administrations are functioning even though these administrations differ somewhat in its core areas of functioning. Since the fall of Soviet Union and the subsequent fall of communist regimes in Easter Europe, d emocracy is gaining prominence in world politics. Parliamentary system and presidential system are the two major categories under the democratic political system. Judiciary, Parliament and Executive are the three major pillars upon which a democratic political system works. The nature of functioning of these three pillars would be different in parliamentary and presidential political systems. Canada, India, etc are some of the countries in which parliamentary democracy prevails whereas in America presidential system of democracy is in operation.... There are many other differences between parliamentary system and presidential system. Canada, India, etc are some of the countries in which parliamentary democracy prevails whereas in America presidential system of democracy is in operation. This paper compares the parliamentary system and presidential system taking Canada and America as examples. Differences between parliamentary system and presidential system In a parliamentary system, government cannot function against the will of parliament. Both the prime minister and his cabinet are accountable to parliament. They cannot function independently or without seeking the opinion of the parliament, while taking decisions and formulating policies. All the governmental policies should be presented and discussed in the parliament comprehensively before the implementation stage. Governments in parliamentary system cannot implement any policies without the approval of the parliament. In most of the cases, parliament approves all the bill s presented since the ruling government have majority in the parliament. In short, prime minister and his/her cabinet are accountable to the parliament in parliamentary democracy. On the other hand in countries like America where presidential system prevails, president enjoys slightly more power over the parliament or congress. American president has the authority to veto any of the decisions taken by the Congress, even though in most of the cases, the president functions in line with the decisions taken by the Congress. Since countries like Canada, Australia, New Zealand etc were British colonies earlier; the governments in these countries are functioning slightly differently even though